🐢 General Info

Red-Footed Tortoises (Chelonoidis carbonarius) are medium-sized, semi-terrestrial tortoises native to South America, primarily found in Brazil, Venezuela, and parts of the Amazon Basin. They are named for their distinctive red or orange scales on their limbs, head, and tail, which contrast with their dark, domed carapace.

Adults typically reach 10–14 inches in length, with males slightly smaller but often more colorful than females. Red-Footed Tortoises are diurnal, intelligent, and social, capable of recognizing their keepers over time. With proper care, they can live 40–50+ years, making them long-term, interactive pets.

1. Enclosure

Size

Red-Footed Tortoises are active and require ample space:

  • Juveniles: Minimum 3 ft x 3 ft x 1 ft

  • Subadults: Minimum 4 ft x 4 ft x 1.5 ft

  • Adults: Minimum 6 ft x 6 ft x 2 ft (larger is better)

Outdoor enclosures are ideal in warm, humid climates, with predator-proof fencing.

Material

  • Indoor enclosures: PVC, tortoise tables, or large wooden pens

  • Outdoor enclosures: Secure pens with fencing and burrowing barriers

  • Escape-proofing is essential—Red-Footed Tortoises are strong diggers

Substrate

  • Moisture-retentive, loose substrates that allow digging:

    • Topsoil mixed with play sand

    • Coconut coir

    • Organic mulch

  • Depth: 4–6 inches for juveniles; 6–12 inches for adults

Décor

  • Rocks and logs for climbing and basking

  • Hides on both warm and cool sides

  • Shallow water dish for drinking and soaking

  • Live or artificial plants for cover and enrichment

2. Temperature & Lighting

Basking Spot

  • 90–95°F for proper digestion and metabolism

Ambient Temperature

  • 75–85°F during the day

  • Cool side: 70–75°F

  • Night Temperature: 65–70°F

UVB Lighting

  • UVB is essential for calcium metabolism and shell health

  • T5 HO 5–10% UVB or equivalent is recommended indoors

  • Provide 12–14 hours of light daily

  • Replace bulbs every 6–12 months

Outdoor Housing

  • Direct sunlight is ideal if available, providing natural heat and UVB

  • Provide shaded areas for thermoregulation

3. Humidity & Water

Humidity

  • Moderate to high humidity: 60–80%

  • Red-Footed Tortoises come from tropical environments and require higher humidity than many other tortoise species

  • Keep substrate slightly moist, but avoid standing water to prevent shell rot

Water

  • Provide a shallow, sturdy water dish for drinking and soaking

  • Change water daily or whenever soiled

  • Juveniles may require soaking 2–3× per week for proper hydration

4. Diet

Red-Footed Tortoises are omnivorous, with a diet primarily based on plants but supplemented with occasional protein.

Staple Foods

  • Leafy greens: collard, dandelion, mustard, turnip, escarole

  • Vegetables: squash, bell peppers, carrots, green beans

  • Fruits: papaya, mango, berries, guava (moderate amounts)

Occasional Treats

  • Edible flowers such as hibiscus, nasturtium, or rose petals

  • Insects or worms occasionally for juveniles

Supplements

  • Calcium powder: 3–4× per week

  • Reptile multivitamin: 1–2× per week

Avoid iceberg lettuce, spinach, and high-protein foods regularly.

5. Behavior & Handling

Temperament

  • Hardy, calm, and social

  • Enjoy grazing, exploring, and digging

  • Can be kept in groups, but monitor for territorial disputes

Handling

  • Support the full body during handling

  • Avoid lifting by limbs or shell edge

  • Gentle, consistent interaction helps habituate them to humans

Enrichment

  • Deep substrate for digging

  • Logs or rocks for climbing

  • Shallow water for soaking

  • Outdoor grazing in secure, predator-proof pens

6. Health & Lifespan

Lifespan

  • 40–50+ years in captivity with proper care

Common Health Issues

  • Metabolic Bone Disease (MBD): from insufficient UVB or calcium

  • Respiratory infections: from low temperatures or poor ventilation

  • Parasites: monitor feces regularly

  • Obesity: portion control and proper diet are essential

Signs of Illness

  • Lethargy or refusal to eat

  • Soft or pyramided shell

  • Respiratory wheezing or discharge

  • Swollen eyes or limbs

  • Sudden weight loss or bloating

Vet Care

  • Consult a reptile veterinarian if symptoms appear

  • Routine health checks are recommended, especially for long-lived species

🐢 Final Notes

Red-Footed Tortoises are hardy, long-lived, and interactive reptiles for dedicated keepers. They require spacious enclosures, high humidity, proper UVB, a balanced diet, and safe outdoor access. With correct care, they thrive, remain active, and can become engaging, long-term companions.