🐢 General Info

Red-Footed Tortoises (Chelonoidis carbonarius) are medium-sized, semi-terrestrial tortoises native to South America, primarily found in Brazil, Venezuela, and parts of the Amazon Basin. They are named for their distinctive red or orange scales on their limbs, head, and tail, which contrast with their dark, domed carapace.

Adults typically reach 10–14 inches in length, with males slightly smaller but often more colorful than females. Red-Footed Tortoises are diurnal, intelligent, and social, capable of recognizing their keepers over time. With proper care, they can live 40–50+ years, making them long-term, interactive pets.

Enclosure

  • Size: Red-Footed Tortoises are active and require ample space:

    • Juveniles: Minimum 3 ft x 3 ft x 1 ft

    • Subadults: Minimum 4 ft x 4 ft x 1.5 ft

    • Adults: Minimum 6 ft x 6 ft x 2 ft (larger is better)

    • Outdoor enclosures are ideal in warm, humid climates, with predator-proof fencing.

  • Material

    • Indoor enclosures: PVC, tortoise tables, or large wooden pens

    • Outdoor enclosures: Secure pens with fencing and burrowing barriers

    • Escape-proofing is essential—Red-Footed Tortoises are strong diggers

  • Substrate

    • Moisture-retentive, loose substrates that allow digging:

    • Topsoil mixed with play sand

    • Coconut coir

    • Organic mulch

    • Depth: 4–6 inches for juveniles; 6–12 inches for adults

  • Décor

    • Rocks and logs for climbing and basking

    • Hides on both warm and cool sides

    • Shallow water dish for drinking and soaking

    • Live or artificial plants for cover and enrichment

Temperature & Lighting

  • Basking Spot: 90–95°F

  • Ambient Temperature

    • 75–85°F during the day

    • Cool side: 70–75°F

    • Night Temperature: 65–70°F

  • UVB Lighting

    • UVB is essential for calcium metabolism and shell health

    • T5 HO 5–10% UVB or equivalent is recommended indoors - replace bulb every 6 - 12 months according to manufacture

    • Provide 12–14 hours of light daily

  • Outdoor Housing

    • Direct sunlight is ideal if available, providing natural heat and UVB

    • Provide shaded areas for thermoregulation

Humidity & Water

  • Humidity

    • Moderate to high humidity: 60–80%

    • Red-Footed Tortoises come from tropical environments and require higher humidity than many other tortoise species

    • Keep substrate slightly moist, but avoid standing water to prevent shell rot

  • Water

    • Provide a shallow, sturdy water dish for drinking and soaking

    • Change water daily or whenever soiled

    • Juveniles may require soaking 2–3× per week for proper hydration

Diet

  • Type: Omnivorous

  • Staple Foods

    • Leafy greens: collard, dandelion, mustard, turnip, escarole

    • Vegetables: squash, bell peppers, carrots, green beans

    • Fruits: papaya, mango, berries, guava (moderate amounts)

  • Occasional Treats

    • Edible flowers such as hibiscus, nasturtium, or rose petals

    • Insects or worms occasionally for juveniles

  • Supplements

    • Calcium powder: 3–4× per week

    • Reptile multivitamin: 1–2× per week

    • Avoid iceberg lettuce, spinach, and high-protein foods regularly.

Behavior & Handling

  • Temperament: Red Footed Tortoise are hardy and calm, often times found grazing, exploring and digging. They do well in groups but can also be kept solitary. with their manageable size they make a good pet tortoise

  • Handling

    • Support the full body during handling

    • Avoid lifting by limbs or shell edge

    • Gentle, consistent interaction helps habituate them to humans

  • Enrichment

    • Deep substrate for digging

    • Logs or rocks for climbing

    • Shallow water for soaking

    • Outdoor grazing in secure, predator-proof pens

Health & Lifespan

  • Lifespa: 40–50+ years in captivity with proper care

  • Common Health Issues

    • Metabolic Bone Disease (MBD): from insufficient UVB or calcium

    • Respiratory infections: from low temperatures or poor ventilation

    • Parasites: monitor feces regularly

    • Obesity: portion control and proper diet are essential

  • Signs of Illness

    • Lethargy or refusal to eat

    • Soft or pyramided shell

    • Respiratory wheezing or discharge

    • Swollen eyes or limbs

    • Sudden weight loss or bloating

  • Veterinary Care: Professional veterinary care should always be consulted when you think your pet may have an issue. Watch for signs of illness, catching an issue early on goes a long way.

🐢 Final Thoughts

Red-Footed Tortoises are hardy, long-lived, and interactive reptiles for dedicated keepers. They require spacious enclosures, high humidity, proper UVB, a balanced diet, and safe outdoor access. With correct care, they thrive, remain active, and can become engaging, long-term companions.