🐍 General Info

The Corn Snake (Pantherophis guttatus) is a slender, non-venomous constrictor native to the southeastern United States, where it inhabits forests, grasslands, farmlands, and even abandoned buildings. Its name comes from its frequent presence near grain stores and cornfields, where it helps control rodent populations.

Corn snakes are among the most popular pet snakes due to their gentle temperament, manageable size, and wide variety of color morphs. Adults typically reach 4–6 feet in length, with a slender build and a calm disposition. They are docile, hardy, and easy to handle, making them excellent for both beginner and experienced keepers.

Enclosure

  • Size:

    • Juveniles can start in a 20–40 gallon enclosure (around 3 ft x 1.5 ft x 1.5 ft). Corn snakes are active and appreciate room to explore.

    • Minimum 4 ft x 2 ft x 2 ft for one adult; larger is always better.

  • Material: Glass, PVC, or melamine enclosures with secure lids or sliding doors work well. PVC is preferred for maintaining heat and humidity, but glass tanks are also suitable with proper setup.

  • Substrate:

    • Ideal substrates include aspen shavings, coconut husk, or a soil/sand mix for naturalistic setups.

    • Avoid cedar or pine, as they contain harmful oils.

    • Provide 2–3 inches of substrate to allow burrowing behavior.

  • Décor: Include two or more hides (one on the warm side, one on the cool side), branches or cork bark for climbing, and artificial or live plants for cover. Corn snakes enjoy exploring and will use multiple hiding spots to feel secure.

Temperature & Lighting

  • Basking Spot (Warm Side): 88–90°F

  • Cool Side: 75–80°F

  • Ambient Temperature: 78–82°F

  • Night Temperature: Can drop to 70–75°F.

  • UVB Lighting: Corn snakes do not require UVB, but it is highly beneficial for natural circadian rhythm and vitamin D3 synthesis. Use a T5 5–7% UVB tube if possible, positioned to cover one side of the enclosure. Replace every 6–12 months per manufacturer’s instructions.

  • Day/Night Cycle: 12 hours of light and 12 hours of darkness. Corn snakes are crepuscular, meaning they are most active at dawn and dusk.

  • Heating: Use a heat mat, heat tape, or ceramic heat emitter controlled by a thermostat to create a safe, consistent temperature gradient. Avoid heat rocks, as they can cause burns.

Humidity & Water

  • Humidity: 40–60%. Increase to around 65% during shedding periods. Maintain humidity by lightly misting the enclosure or providing a humid hide with damp sphagnum moss.

  • Water: Provide a shallow, sturdy water bowl large enough for the snake to soak in. Replace water daily and clean the dish regularly to prevent bacteria buildup.

  • Shedding Tip: If your snake has trouble shedding, slightly raise humidity and offer a rough surface (like cork bark) to help remove retained skin.

Diet

  • Type: Carnivorous — feeds exclusively on appropriately sized rodents.

  • Staple Foods:

    • Hatchlings/Juveniles: Pinky or fuzzy mice every 5–7 days.

    • Subadults: Hopper or small adult mice every 7–10 days.

    • Adults: Adult mice or small rats every 10–14 days.

  • Feeding Method:

    • Feed frozen-thawed rodents, warmed to body temperature.

    • Avoid live prey unless absolutely necessary, as live rodents can injure your snake.

    • Feed inside the enclosure or in a separate tub if your snake becomes overly food-motivated.

  • Supplements: None required when feeding whole prey. All nutrients are naturally provided by the rodent.

  • Hydration: Corn snakes may soak in their water dish before or during shedding. Always ensure access to clean, fresh water.

Behavior & Handling

  • Temperament: Corn snakes are calm, curious, and tolerant of handling. Even hatchlings that may be a little nervous usually tame down quickly with gentle interaction. They rarely bite and are one of the most even-tempered snake species in captivity.

  • Handling:

    • Begin with short, gentle sessions to allow your snake to get comfortable.

    • Support the body fully and avoid sudden movements.

    • Never handle for 48 hours after feeding, as this may cause regurgitation.

  • Enrichment: Provide branches, tunnels, and rearranged décor to encourage exploration. Corn snakes enjoy climbing and investigating their surroundings, especially at night.

Health & Lifespan

  • Lifespan: 15–20 years in captivity with proper care; some individuals have been known to live over 25 years.

  • Common Health Issues:

    • Respiratory infections: Often due to low temperatures or excessive humidity.

    • Mouth rot (stomatitis): Inflammation or infection of the mouth; requires veterinary attention.

    • Mites: Tiny black parasites visible on scales or in the water dish; keep enclosures clean and quarantine new arrivals.

    • Incomplete sheds: From low humidity—ensure proper moisture levels and offer humidity hides.

    • Feeding issues: Rare in corn snakes, but stress or improper temperature can cause refusals.

Final Note: Corn snakes are one of the most beginner-friendly and rewarding reptiles to keep. Their gentle demeanor, beautiful coloration, and straightforward care make them perfect for both new and experienced snake keepers. With proper temperature, humidity, and regular handling, your corn snake can thrive and live a long, healthy, and active life.